Zhejaing Sealand Technology Co., Ltd. is a trustworthy manufacturer of Mass Flow Meter, Mass Flowmeter, Mass Meter, Flow Meter, Flowmeter, ATEX, IECEx & CE approved. The product range covers different size from DN03 to DN150, and bigger sizes are being developed.
Sealand mass flow meter is designed and produced according to world`s latest Coriolis technology with exelent appearance, stability and accuracy to measure mass flow rate of a fluid traveling through a tube, widely applied to alternative energy, oil & gas, chemical, food & beverage, industrial energy, marine, power, pulp & paper, water & wastewater industries, etc.
Mass flow meter measures the mass based on Coriolis effort. The operating principle involves inducing a vibration of the tube through which the fluid passes. The vibration, though not completely circular, provides the rotating reference frame that gives rise to the Coriolis effect. While specific methods vary according to the design of the flow meter, sensors monitor and analyze changes in frequency, phase shift & amplitude of the vibrating flow tubes. The changes observed represent the mass flow rate and density of the fluid.
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In the current ultra-precision machining, cutting tools for natural single crystal diamonds are indispensable. It achieves an extremely sharp cutting edge with a radius of the edge of the cutting edge that is not detectable by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). According to Prof. Igawa, Professor of Osaka University, Japan, the minimum is 2~4nm, which is the highest level at present, which is calculated from the chip with a thickness of 1nm obtained by cutting. In 1986, a diamond edge evaluation committee was set up in Japan to solve the measurement problem of the tool tip. It has not been solved very well today, but it has been raised from 0.05um to 2~4nm. In 1992, Toshiba Shoji of Toshiba Machinery also proposed the use of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) or atomic force microscopy (AFM) for testing. However, it has not been reported. The Chinese Academy of Technology in China reported the use of AFM in 1996. Progress has been made, which is a gratifying achievement. 
During the cutting process, the thermal conductivity of diamond is superior and the heat dissipation is fast, but it should be noted that the cutting heat should not be higher than 700 °C, otherwise graphitization will occur and the tool will wear out quickly. Because diamond reacts with W, Ta, Ti, Zr, Fe, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, Pt, etc. at high temperatures.
Diamond sintered body (PCD)
The emergence of PCD has replaced natural single crystal diamond in many ways. Compared with natural diamond, PCD is cheaper and sharper than natural diamond, so its application and promotion are particularly rapid. Most of the new materials that emerged are mostly difficult-to-machine materials, such as high-silicon aluminum alloys, which are used extensively in pistons for automotive engines. Generally, an aluminum alloy containing less than 10% silicon can be cut with a cemented carbide tool, but if the silicon content exceeds 10%, the PCD can only be used. Currently, the silicon content of high-silicon aluminum alloys is above 12%, and some have reached more than 18%, so non-PCD is none other than. 
However, due to the variety of PCDs, there is a need for reasonable choice. Its particle size, concentration, etc. will affect the hardness, wear resistance and other properties. Therefore, it must also be based on the type of material being processed in the application. Various characteristics such as hardness are considered to consider reasonable parameters. Because of its isotropy, wear resistance is better, and it is even better than natural single crystal diamond.
The production of PCD at home and abroad has been very popular, but the quality is quite different, so the price is very different. In China, the cutting blade of PneumoPreci~sion's SMG325 ultra-precision machine tool was used in the United States with the blade of GE's ultra-fine-grained GE. It has achieved surface roughness close to the mirror surface.
Cubic boron nitride sintered body (PCBN)
PCBN is a sintered CBN particle with a binder. It is resistant to high temperatures and has a hardness second only to diamond and has no affinity with ferrous metals. From a development perspective, many new materials need to be processed with PCBN. For example, the gears of the automobile gearbox adopt the PCBN gear hob, which not only achieves high productivity, but also significantly improves the quality, and the machined surface becomes a mirror surface. According to the data, the surface of the gear cut by PCBN is also hardened due to the infiltration of boron. This is confirmed by the experiment of Harbin Institute of Technology. Due to the high temperature resistance of PCBN, there is no change and stability under 900 °C in the atmosphere and water vapor. Even at 1300 °C, there is almost no reaction with Fe, Ni, Co, etc., and it is not as sharp as diamond. It still retains the hardness of the cemented carbide, so it can not only cut hardened steel parts or chilled cast iron, but also can be widely used in high-speed or ultra-high-speed cutting work. However, PCBN is not suitable for cutting general steel parts, therefore. Care must be taken when selecting tools. The particle size and concentration must be taken into account when purchasing. 
Superhard material coating cutting tool
The emergence of technologies such as CVD and PVD is a major revolution in the field of cutting tools. Its appearance immediately caused great repercussions in the field of mechanical manufacturing. The ideal cutting tool should have both a hard surface and high toughness, and the coating technology achieved this goal.
The earliest coating materials are ceramic materials, such as TiN, TiC, Al23O, etc. In recent years, coating technology has been greatly developed. Ultra-hard material coatings are being fully applied, and many products have appeared on the market one after another, but the domestic is still in the experimental stage, and it is expected to break through soon. The development of super-hard material coatings makes the performance of the entire existing cutting tools. Both have been significantly improved. In the face of the current large number of difficult-to-machine materials, these newly developed coating technologies will have great adaptability and the prospects are quite gratifying.
There are three main types of superhard material coatings, namely diamond-like, diamond and CBN. These coating materials are pure diamond or pure CBN, so the hardness is the same as the deposited material. Compared with PCD and PCBN, the hardness and wear resistance are greatly improved because they do not contain a binder.
The properties of the diamond coating and the CBN coating are the same as those of the raw materials, but only the film, and the same as the ceramic coating. The diamond-like film is highlighted here.
Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) film has similar performance to diamond film, its anti-friction and wear performance is good, and the DLC film preparation process is becoming more and more mature, which can obtain large area and rough surface at very low deposition temperature. A small DLC film, while a diamond film requires a higher deposition temperature (about 800 ° C ~ 1000 ° C), therefore, many matrix materials are limited, such as high-speed steel, and it is difficult to deposit evenly over a large area, the surface is also Rough. Therefore, the DLC film is more easily used in many applications, such as a protective film for a magnetic disk.
In the use of coated cutting tools, as with ceramic coatings, the coating substrate must also be handled well. Generally, the cemented carbide of the matrix is ​​YG8. The pretreatment process is firstly polished with W1 diamond micropowder, and the surface is decobalted for 15 min. The decobalted solution is a 1:3 nitric acid aqueous solution, and then ultrasonically cleaned in acetone for 10 min. The cleaning work is extremely important before the substrate is applied. If it is a cutting tool, it must be ensured that it cannot be annealed during sharpening.
Due to the short history of superhard material coating technology, it is still developing. I believe it will be more perfect than the ceramic coating technology.
Thick film diamond
The synthesis technology and application research of diamond thin films have developed rapidly around the world, forming a "diamond film heat". In the past ten years, the method of gas phase synthesis has developed to more than twenty kinds. Generally, the deposition rate is only 1~2um per hour. How to accelerate the deposition rate has been the subject of research. In the near future, the deposition rate has developed to above 100 um/h, with a maximum of 930 um/h. We call it thick film diamond. China Oriental Tiandi Diamond Research Institute successfully mastered this technology, the largest deposition thickness reached 2.3mm. It has now been commercialized and entered the international advanced ranks. Thick film diamond differs from PCD in that it has no binder and is pure diamond, so its hardness is much higher. Unlike natural diamond, it is isotropic and low cost, so it will replace PCD in many aspects. Used as a wire drawing die will be even wear, so the wire quality of the wire drawing is significantly better than the natural diamond die. If the quality of deposition is further improved, there is also the possibility of replacing natural diamond in ultra-precision processing, so it is highly valued in the field of ultra-precision.
Precautions in the application of diamond and superhard materials
Abstract Natural single crystal diamonds In the current ultra-precision machining, natural single crystal diamond cutting tools are essential. It achieves an extremely sharp cutting edge with a radius of the edge of the cutting edge that is not detectable by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). According to Osaka University, Japan...
Natural single crystal diamond