Pollution-free vegetable production technology

Pollution-free technology is the direction of vegetable production technology development. The following technical measures for the production of pollution-free vegetables are introduced:

 

First, insect net isolation technology

 

Insect net isolation refers to the cover film and shading net, also known as the insect net room, which is isolated from the net outside the net, so that larger pests cannot enter the net and endanger the vegetable crop. Covering cultivation with insect-proof nets can greatly reduce the amount of pesticides used in vegetables, and the food safety of vegetables is greatly improved. In summer and autumn, leafy vegetables, fruits and vegetables, melons and legumes can be cultivated with insect nets.

 

Second, swatch trapping technology

 

The swatch (yellow and blue plate) trapping technique is a technique that utilizes the pests of some insects to have strong traits toward yellow and blue, and physically traps pests. The main control objects are the same-winged aphids, whiteflies, leafhoppers, etc., the diptera, the fly, the fly, etc. Yellow plates are often used to trap whitefly, leafminer and aphids; blue plates are used to trap and kill horses. Generally , 30 pieces of traps of 25 cm × 30 cm or 40 pieces of traps of 25 cm × 20 cm can be uniformly hung per mu . The yellow plate can reduce the insect population density of aphids by 20%-40% . The insect swatch can not only kill a large number of adult worms, but also directly reduce the pest damage. It can also predict and warn the pests and determine the accurate prevention time.

 

Third, insect attractant technology

 

The insect attractant kills the pest by slow release of the synthetic pheromone compound in the lure to the field, and induces the male moth to enter the trap. The use of insect attractants to trap pests can not only reduce the number of eggs in the field, effectively control the occurrence of the next generation, reduce the number of field chemical control, reduce the use of pesticides, and at the same time have strong specificity, and no other insects other than the target pest species. The impact can better protect the natural enemy population, better exert its control potential on pests, and improve the agricultural ecological environment and agricultural product safety. The technology can also be used for monitoring and early warning of target pests.

 

Fourth, insecticidal lamp trapping technology

 

Using the characteristics of light, wave, color, and tropism of pests, the insecticidal light wave is set within a specific range, the light is used at a close distance, and the wave is used at a long distance, and the sexual information generated by the pest itself is used to induce the insect to ignite the light. And with a special high-voltage power grid to kill, so that the pests fall into the special insect bag, to achieve the purpose of killing pests. At present, insecticidal lamps that are widely used in agricultural production are frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps. Vegetable production in mid-April is generally mounted light, light withdrawal in late October. Daily turn-on time is usually 21:00 to 4:00 the next day.

 

Five, micro irrigation technology

 

A micro-irrigation device is used to assemble a micro-irrigation system, which distributes pressurized water to the field, and a local irrigation technique that wets the soil near the root of the crop with a small flow rate through the emitter. Water supply in the form of intermittent drip is called drip irrigation, and the flow in the form of spray is called micro-sprinkler irrigation. Drip irrigation can be used for planting vegetables such as tomato, eggplant, pepper, long melon, pumpkin, cucumber, etc.; micro-sprinkler irrigation is suitable for crops with high density and soft and tender plants, such as cabbage, celery, fungus and other vegetables, and can also be used for vegetables. Nursery. Micro-irrigation technology has the advantages of saving labor and water, reducing energy consumption, improving fertilizer utilization, reducing field humidity, reducing disease and field weeds, and promoting high quality and high yield of crops.