Chinese and American researchers reported in the United States on the 9th, "Science Progress" magazine that they have developed a lightweight super new carbon material, which is comparable in hardness to diamonds, more elastic than rubber, and also conductive. "This carbon material combines the best properties of graphite and diamond with excellent overall performance," said Prof. Zhisheng Zhao, one of the research leaders and the State Key Laboratory for Metastable Materials Preparation Technology and Science at Yanshan University. "It has a lot of potential Applications, such as military armor and aerospace.†Carbon has a variety of allotropes, such as graphite, diamond (diamond), fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphene, glassy carbon, etc., wherein graphite can be transformed into superhard diamond under pressure. In the new study, Zhao Zhisheng and another correspondence author, Professor Tian Yongjun of Yanshan University and others used glassy carbon as raw materials to synthesize new types of carbon allotropes using high pressure but relatively mild temperature conditions. It was obtained by compression of glassy carbon and retained some of the characteristics of glassy carbon. The researchers named it "compressed glassy carbon." Zhao Zhisheng said that in the past, people had studied the high-pressure transition of glassy carbon at room temperature or high temperature, but the carbon material made was changed back to glassy carbon after pressure relief. In high pressure and high temperature conditions, glassy carbon is directly transformed into diamond. . The latest research is to add high pressure to glassy carbon at moderate temperatures. This will not only allow the glassy carbon to undergo phase change to form a new type of carbon material, but it will not be enough to make it into diamond. According to reports, compressed glassy carbon has the following characteristics: It is a lightweight material similar to graphite, uniaxial compressive strength is more than 5 times that of common metal and alloy materials, but also much larger than that of general ceramic materials; specific strength (ie, strength-to-weight ratio) ) Extremely high, more than twice as high as carbon fiber, polycrystalline diamond, silicon carbide, and boron carbide ceramics; extremely high hardness, easily scribing high-hardness silicon carbide wafers; highly elastic recovery, significantly higher than normal Metals and ceramics are even higher than highly elastic shape memory alloys and organic rubbers; they are also electrically conductive. Zhao Zhisheng said that they will continue to further develop synthetic methods. The ultimate goal is to develop ultra-high-strength, ultra-high-hardness materials with high elasticity.
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