How to Strengthen and Improve the Case Study of Fire Fighting Work Safety System

In recent years, with the continuous increase in the size of fires and the continuous expansion of emergency rescue missions, the establishment of a fast and efficient fire fighting and combat security system has become a key issue for public security fire fighting forces. This article draws lessons from the experiences and practices in the construction of the combat support system for the public security fire brigade at all levels throughout the country in recent years, and discusses some viewpoints for constructing a characteristic firefighting service security system.

I. The practical significance of establishing a firefighting and combat security system

(1) Improve the objective requirements of logistics support system.

The first-line officers and soldiers are the main fire-fighting and rescue forces, and the logistics support system for traditional fire-fighting forces whose auxiliary positions are auxiliary forces cannot meet the needs of various diversified and complicated fire fighting and accident rescue operations. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve fundamental changes in the security model, change the previous development thinking of “heavy combat, light security”, and use the work of combat support as an important component of firefighting and rescue operations, extending it to all levels of the military, and establishing comprehensive protection. The system will make it more close to actual combat, and provide a powerful guarantee for the success in fighting major fires and handling major disasters.

(b) To broaden the realistic needs of logistics support functions.

In the past, logistical support only highlighted normal protection, self-safety, and material security. The combat security system was the reform and improvement of previous logistical support. It extended the protection function to actual combat, and included wartime, social, and technical safeguards in the safeguard system. Among them, the combination of peacetime protection and wartime security, self-protection (insurgency internal security) and social security, and the combination of material security and technical security have fully expanded logistic specialization, socialization, and systematic support functions.

(c) Effective ways to enhance logistics support capabilities.

The establishment of a self-contained warfare support team will form a more scientific mode of combat support and will effectively enhance the logistics support capability. The tasks that the current firefighting team undertakes for logistical support services are as follows: the reserve of materials is on-demand, the variety is complete, and the quantity is sufficient; the support team is well-trained and the specialized quality is excellent; the protection equipment is advanced in function, close to actual combat, and modularized. Matching; guarantee management is fine and formal; security method is flexible. In the major rescues such as the Yushu, Lushan, Ludian and Zhouqu debris flows, and the “ 7.16 ” explosion fire accident in Dalian , the start-up of combat support mechanisms quickly and effectively mobilized a large number of firefighting and rescue equipment and equipment in a short period of time during the disaster relief process. Played a huge role.

II. Status Quo of Construction of Fire Fighting Work Safety System

(1) The security system covering the entire region has basically taken shape.

Since 2007 , the Ministry of Public Security’s Fire Bureau has carried out the reform of the warfighting and security work, and the three-tiered combat support network system with the combat support team as the pivot, the combat support squadron as the backbone and the combat support team ( group ) as the node has taken shape. Scale, to achieve rapid protection within the jurisdiction. At the same time, the public security firefighting material reserves, transport security teams, medical ambulance teams, and equipment maintenance centers set up by the Fire Department of the Ministry of Public Security have played a supporting and fist role, and have intensified the network coverage of the fire fighting and diligence support system.

(b) The professional comprehensive protection function is initially available.

At present, the fire brigade focuses on the construction of functional modules such as materials, living, technology, and joint security, and is equipped with accident-protected vehicles such as accident vehicles, camping vehicles, power generation lighting vehicles, fuel vehicles, liquid supply vehicles, and equipment maintenance vehicles. The scope of firefighting, rescue, and combat support of troops has ensured that the warfighting and protection units around the country have given prominence to technical guarantees and have basically had the ability to repair, refit, and research and develop fire-fighting vehicle equipment. At the same time, all localities established professional support teams for life, material reserves, transportation, medical service, and equipment maintenance, and achieved all-weather full-function protection.

(3) Initial results have been achieved in the operation mechanism of local conditions.

Fire fighting support teams across the country have done a lot of useful explorations in terms of personnel establishment, service characteristics, and objects of protection in the forms of team building, training methods, funding guarantees, and integration of the police and the area, accumulating many experiences. In order to solve the problem of less staffing for combat support, the combat support team is built together with the training base, special service squadron, or police squadron. In response to the characteristics of combat support for the brigade's service, we carried out the "six familiarization" activities for combat support, improved the day-to-day management system, studied the subjects and practices of combat support, and organized post-training and contest contests.

(D) The linkage model of resource sharing plays a role.

The government is requested to formulate relevant documents to clarify the responsibilities, authorities and obligations of governments and functional departments at all levels in emergency rescue, rely on the fire fighting and rescue linkage response system, and combine medical rescue, construction, chemical engineering, nuclear biochemistry, environmental protection testing, and petrochemical design. The hospital and other units participate in the decision-making on the accidents of major disasters, and provide technical advice for the formulation of professional fire fighting and rescue plans and large-scale fire fighting and rescue drills to achieve the sharing of social resources.

III. Problems existing in the construction of firefighting service security system

(a) The team management and operation mechanism needs to be further improved.

Due to multiple reasons, the firefighting force's warfighting and protection has not been able to play in the mechanism construction of the team's “build, manage, train, use, and maintain” due to the disparity between the parties and the lack of a unified coordination and standardized operating mechanism. There is a maximum guarantee of resources effectiveness; it needs to be further regulated in terms of training, daily management, appraisal and appraisal of operations, assessment and appraisal, and business guidance and business training of the dispatching and commanding team; and it needs to be used in how to make it play a positive role in strategic support. It will further expand; it is necessary to further strengthen the daily organization of combat training and drills.

(II) The coordination of various parties and the construction of a linkage mechanism need to be further strengthened.

The combat support team is not only the functional department of the public security and fire control organs at all levels, but also an emergency support team under the leadership of the Party Committee and the government. Its focus is guaranteed by relying on social resources, and it has close links with relevant departments and all walks of life. However, at present, many combat support teams rely solely on the fire departments to create a complete set of relatively complete and detailed coordination and liaison systems. In actual work, they often cannot achieve simultaneous security.

(3) The level of guarantee and protection in actual combat needs to be further improved.

The establishment of firefighting support teams has started relatively late, and some regular safeguard systems are still not perfect, especially in the process of firefighting and rescue support, how to embody the "blood-building" function of the combat support team, and how to ensure the protection of content "in a timely manner. "Accurate, fast, continuous," and so on, we need to further summarize and improve.

(d) lack of professional security personnel.

The establishment of a fire fighting and diligence support team is irrational, and the contradiction between multiple vehicles, multiple equipment, and fewer personnel is prominent. There is a shortage of senior non-commissioned officers in the field of war-fighting and security positions, and it is difficult for some backbone technical personnel to retain them. The work experience of the combat support team has not been used as a grassroots work experience, which has affected the combat and ensured the development of post cadres. The lack of professional training in combat support has restricted the quality of combat support personnel.

IV. Considerations on Building a Characteristic War Work Safety System

(1) It is imperative to rely on the party committee's government to incorporate the basic construction of fire fighting and combat support into the overall planning of local public utilities.

The key to establishing a firefighting service security system is the funding and resources allocation. As one of the teams most closely linked with local economic development and social life, the fire brigade has a good social security basic condition. It must rely closely on local party committees and governments to regard the construction and development of fire fighting and combat support teams as the development of local public utilities. Among the overall plans, there is a continuous funding guarantee for the short-term construction and long-term development of the firefighting service security system.

(2) It is necessary to conduct scientific training and seek breakthroughs in the building of the capacity of fire fighting and diligent support teams.

The operation of the combat support team has very high requirements in personnel selection, business development, and equipment allocation. It is necessary to assign some personnel with good political thinking, strong business abilities, and good work style and practical experience to this position. . In the field of combat service protection training, attention should be paid to the following aspects: First, institutionalized management. As a security force that is always on the move, the fire fighting and diligence support team must establish and improve rules and regulations for team management, material management, and operational operations, and strictly enforce the existing system while integrating the local reality with the system refinement. Ensure that each guarantee function is effective; second, professional training. By means of reasonable battle programming, simulation training, operational training, and job-fixing training, etc., the combat support team will be improved to be efficient, integrated, and professional. The function guarantee modules will play the biggest role and effectively achieve different operations. All-round guarantees for different phases of missions and combat missions; the third is standardized preparations. The daily management and use of combat support teams requires a large amount of materials and equipment and high technical requirements. In order to ensure that all types of materials and equipment can smoothly perform their functions during the execution of tasks, a complete set of materials and equipment must be established and supplemented. Maintenance and use procedures, improve the quality of service for all types of personnel in the team, strengthen business training, in order to make all kinds of materials and equipment to make the best use.

(3) It must adhere to the normative operation and seek practical results in the function of the protection of fire fighting and diligence.

The first is to improve and perfect the combat support function. It is necessary to proceed from actual combat and formulate a scientific and rational plan for the procurement of military and operational equipment to ensure that the combat support equipment has advanced capabilities, complete functions, and strong practicality.

The second is to improve the science and technology content of combat support. According to the characteristics of disaster accidents, we must make full use of an information-based and networked platform to timely collect information on the basic conditions of disaster accidents, disaster assessment, disaster characteristics, command institutions, force programming, tactical measures, combat support measures, and social linkages. Diligence protection and battle command provide direct, scientific, accurate, and timely decision-making basis.

The third is to enhance the actual combat support capabilities. It is necessary to take the frontline needs as a traction, correctly grasp the focus of safeguards, rationally deploy combat strength, scientifically formulate safeguard plans, raise equipment and materials in time, and repair equipment for battle damage, thus improving response speed of combat support and maximizing protection. Timeliness to ensure that the battlefield security is always synchronized with the rescue operations.

(4) The joint logistics network must be established to deepen the long-term development of firefighting and combat support construction.

The first is to integrate social power. Continue to promote the establishment of the government's unified leadership, fire-fighting team as the main force, and other forces collaborate in a social emergency security system. The government will take the lead in integrating social emergency rescue resources, mobilize the power of social cooperation, and make warfighting and protection the common responsibility and obligation of the entire society. A good pattern of socialized "big fire".

The second is to broaden the protection channels. Due to the variety of fires or disasters involved in large-scale and trapped personnel, there are many units mobilized to the site, many personnel, many equipment, and a long time to be disposed of, requiring all aspects of experts and technology. Therefore, in light of the socialization idea of ​​logistical support, in areas such as vehicle maintenance, medical emergencies , and dietary support, relying on the advantages of strong social and technological strength, we must strengthen the emergency support force, extend the protection network, and achieve the nearest guarantee. Again, we must actively be good staff for the government. Actively strengthen liaison with local authorities, promote the establishment of unified leadership of the government, disasters that are formed by the garrison, armed police, militia, medical emergency, transportation, construction, and public utilities such as municipal engineering, water, electricity, and gas. Rescue and rescue system to clarify the responsibilities and tasks of all relevant departments and related parties in the rescue of various important accidents, as well as the requirements for the mobilization of command, forming a linkage mechanism of “government leadership, department participation, unified command, and coordination”. In order to facilitate the rapid response during the war, and cooperate with each other, we established a comprehensive rescue and rescue network to form a social rescue and security system.

The Fire Department of the Ministry of Public Security held a 48- hour fire-fighting rescue and cross-regional practical drill in Liaoning Province . This exercise has many advantages in participating in the exercises, long combat time, extremely heavy workload in support of camp construction, equipment support, fire extinguishing agent protection, food security, communication security, etc. It is a comprehensive inspection of the firefighting troops' combat support capabilities. The drills for the drills have the following characteristics:

(1) Centralized protection.

This guarantee reflects for the first time the concept of “big guarantee”. The first is the construction of a comprehensive system of scientific layout. Because of the war and more power, the exercise took centralized security products, thus ensuring the assembly site for the 40,000 square meters, is divided into areas to protect the camp area, living area protection, vehicle parking area, the command area protection, material support areas. The second is to increase the effectiveness of the expansion of soldiers. For the first time, the proportion of personnel has been adjusted, and the ratio of front-line operations and support personnel is 1:3 , highlighting that forward combat personnel can focus on combat operations. A "pilot protection mode" all-round protection, front-combatants return to the camp after direct placement, diet, avoid the past in front of the warfighter tired exhausted, back to the camp after also their own tents and other overworked. The third is to make overall plans and ensure order. Protection from the drill site to build 1 km to highlight the front protection, rapid support of combat service support concept, reflecting the hit early, hit fast, guarantee the effect of combat training before the fight. Concentration guarantee is an effective guarantee for the wartime command system. In the assembly point area, there are departmental headquarters protection headquarters, headquarters defense headquarters, branch branch support headquarters and medical security headquarters. The entire assembly point has various obvious instructions. With the logo, it is ensured that vehicle equipment is centralized, materials are centralized, and personnel are centralized. Orders are transmitted quickly and no confusion occurs.

(b) professional protection.

In the past, combat support for combat drills, firefighting operations, and emergency rescue was mostly based on the logistics department. Although it was possible to complete the supply task, it lacked professionalism, and lacked predictability for the various safeguards required in front of the rescue team. This exercise has made effective adjustments. The first is to increase fire extinguishing experts to enhance professional capabilities. The addition of combat training specialists within the safeguard command post has greatly increased the foresight and professionalism in wartime security, such as the selection of staging areas, staffing, vehicle equipment, fire extinguishing agents, social power, and expert team members. All of them have absorbed the advice of war-training experts so that the entire safeguard work will be scientific, practical, and timely. The second is to mobilize social experts to play a comprehensive role. There are a large number of professionals in various fields such as food and beverage distribution, power engineering, engineering machine operation, medical protection, communication transmission, and vehicle maintenance. The strength of professionals plays an important role.

(c) Saturation protection.

In addition to the breakthrough in the proportion of combatants and security personnel, the exercise also achieved saturation supply in fire extinguishing agent protection. First, the foam agent is adequate and reliable. The largest crude oil tank for this drill was 23,000 cubic meters with a diameter of 36 meters . According to the fire fighting theory, the supply of raw foam tanks for fighting crude oil tanks should be prepared in accordance with the calculation of an offensive 5 minutes and 6 offensives. Crude oil tank storage requirements The bubble is estimated according to the 3A calculation formula. An offensive batch theory requires 18 tons of foam liquid , plus 3,300 square meters of protective area for the tank area, 2,225 square meters of base area for the tank removed , and 40 tons of estimated demand for the flow of thorium foam. combined 58 tons, 60 tons removed by the loss of demand estimates, the scene is not fighting foam liquid vehicle to carry their own load bubble liquid and other provinces and cities, prepared a total of 400 tons of liquid foam, the foam is the entire operational needs of security 6 More times, and in the form of foam liquid protection, the detachment guarantee brigade took direct supplies, corporate supplies, and foam manufacturers fed the supply, etc., to ensure the supply of foam fire extinguishing agents throughout the battlefield. The second is flexible and diverse supply methods. In the transport link to forward combat vehicles, a combination of different vehicle types, different locations, different distances and other methods are also adopted. For example, the use of foam liquid supply vehicles for multiple pipelines ( 100 meters ) direct transport method, foam transfer Pump transmission method, forklift truck loading method, long-range foam fluid transfer car ( 500 meters ) multiple pipeline transportation methods. In addition, based on the petrochemical fire cases and the actual fire characteristics and needs, the number of foam reserve types is also timely: A foam, high-multiplier foam, medium multiple foam, alcohol-resistant foam, water-based foam fire extinguishing agent and dry powder fire extinguishing agent And so on, basically met the needs of various types of fire extinguishing agents for petrochemical fires. The third is the solidification of the water source. In terms of water source protection, a combination of fixed fire protection facilities and remote water supply systems has been adopted to ensure maximum water consumption throughout the drill site. The field water supply for this drill is mainly to ensure the cooling water consumption and the water consumption of the foam liquid. According to the calculation formula of 50A , the perimeter is 113 meters . According to the calculation of 120 meters , each water gun is cooled 10 meters , 6.5 liters per second , cooling cycle. There are 12 long water guns , one attack wave for cooling water is 140 tons, 300 tons of foam water is used , and 440 tons is needed in 30 minutes . In addition to the fixed fire-fighting facilities and on-board water supply, the three sets of remote water supply systems and a set of fire-fighting boats have a water supply of 20 tons per minute , 80 tons in total , and 2400 tons in 30 minutes . One wave of offensive preparation is 6 times the amount of water, but also the uninterrupted water supply, plus the amount of cooling water adjacent to the tank, fully meets the entire site's cooling and fire fighting water consumption. It truly reflects the development trend of the integration of prevention and elimination.

(d) accompanied by protection.

The work of combat support for this drill focused on solving the problems of system limitations, lack of guarantees in the overall planning, shortage of material reserves, low quality of professional service personnel, and low personnel. The first is the reorganization of talents to form a joint force. The construction of the expert group broke through the previous situation in which the fire fighting operations went it alone. After an accident occurred on site, experts from various manufacturers, petrochemical enterprises, public security departments, fire-fighting experts, gas, ports and other professional counterparts provided scientific and comprehensive treatment for the drills. Practical disposal advice. The second is the rapid advancement of positions. Some fire- fighting vehicle manufacturers, fire-fighting equipment manufacturers, local government-linked units, and fire-retired officers and men dispatched relevant technical personnel to escort and played a pivotal role in this drill. During the drill, there were high-spray car failures and pump failures. Mobile gun failures, lighting faults, communications, special engineering machine operations, and the supply of fire extinguishing agents have all been dealt with promptly. It highlights the importance of "emphasizing talents and recall mechanisms" for actual work on firefighting, rescue, and combat support.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.